For guest captive portal, it's irrelevant to which domain ClearPass is joined. For guest captive portal you would need a public trusted Web Server HTTPS certificate on your ClearPass for which you can control the DNS and point it's fqdn to the ClearPass IP, such that if a guest enters https://guest.x-group.domain.com/ (name guest is arbitrary), it can connect to ClearPass on HTTPS and receive a trusted server certificate. Then on the AP or controller you would need another trusted HTTPS certificate.
ClearPass does not need to be joined to any domain. Domain joining is only needed to support MSCHAPv2 (PEAP), which is strongly deprecated to use, but unrelated to guest.
Selecting the right certificates may be confusing if you are unfamiliar with those. Your Aruba partner should be able to advise in more detail.
------------------------------
Herman Robers
------------------------
If you have urgent issues, always contact your HPE Aruba Networking partner, distributor, or Aruba TAC Support. Check
https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/contact-support/ for how to contact HPE Aruba Networking TAC. Any opinions expressed here are solely my own and not necessarily that of Hewlett Packard Enterprise or HPE Aruba Networking.
In case your problem is solved, please invest the time to post a follow-up with the information on how you solved it. Others can benefit from that.
------------------------------