The phone should boot until it starts the LLDP-MED service, then it should discover the Voice VLAN and tag it. The switch should then also see that the connected device is classified as a phone. After that, the phone will reach only the VLAN 20 DHCP server.
That it gets a VLAN 1 IP means, that the LLDP-MED "conversation" isn't working fast enough. Then the phone will boot, not tag any VLAN and get the VLAN 1 IP. After that, the phone will probably start LLDP-MED and get the VLAN tag, but no new IP.
It is difficult to determine where the error is. Every support will tell you to first upgrade your devices to the newest firmware, so you should do that ;)
As a workaround, you could look into DHCP options in VLAN 1, directed to the phones with the correct VLAN tag.