Hello Parnassus, and thank you for your reply.
We have mostly HP Procurve & Aruba switches, and show arp works without problems. I also often use the lldp remote device command for troubleshooting/inventory purposes, which generally works fine, albeit depending on the end-device type (doesn't show anything with AeroHive access points, for instance).
VLAN routing is handled by our Juniper SRX clusters and their topology is displayed flawlessly on the IMC map.
I just tried a show mac-address on a random switch (HP 2530-24), which located the port successfully, and then used the same MAC address both in PCM (Find Node tool) & IMC (Real Time Location) : it took like 1min on PCM, but it found it correctly, and IMC showed me again "No match found.", but almost instantly, which is quite surprising and makes me wonder if it even performs any check at all.
I also added the prefix of this device-type MAC to the mac-vendor section of IMC (right below Real Time location), which unfortunatly didn't change the result.